Examples of Reference Questions

Everyone · Q&A · Updated October 1, 2026 · LearnLife Editorial

What Are Common Reference Questions Employers Ask During Background Checks?

When employers contact references, they want to confirm that the job seeker’s resume and interview statements are accurate, while also learning more about their work style and character. Typical questions include:

• What was the candidate’s job title and dates of employment?
• What responsibilities did they handle?
• How would you rate their quality of work and dependability?
• Can you describe their strengths and areas where they could improve?
• How well did they work with others on the team?
• Why did the candidate leave the position?

Employers generally avoid questions that could reveal protected personal information to prevent discrimination, such as questions about age, religion, or family status. For example, instead of asking if a candidate has children, employers focus on attendance and punctuality records. To ensure compliance, employers may limit responses to verifying dates worked and job title. For more detailed examples of these questions, refer to Reference Questions for Employment Checks and What Questions Are Asked in a Reference Check.

How Can Job Seekers Prepare Their References for Questions?

Job seekers should communicate with their references before interviews or job applications. This preparation helps ensure references provide helpful, relevant feedback. Here are concrete steps to take:

1. Choose the right references: Select former supervisors, coworkers, or mentors who know your skills and work ethic well. Avoid listing family or friends, as they are less credible.
2. Ask permission: Always get consent before listing someone as a reference. This shows respect and allows them to be ready.
3. Provide information: Share your updated resume and the job description with your references so they understand what the employer is looking for.
4. Discuss possible questions: Let them know common questions employers might ask, such as “Can you confirm the candidate’s job title and dates of employment?” or “How did they handle teamwork challenges?”
5. Offer examples: Remind references of specific projects or achievements you worked on together to help them give detailed responses.

For example, you might say, “The employer may ask about how I handled deadlines or worked with others on the team. Could you share your perspective on that?” This preparation helps references give focused and constructive feedback. More ideas are available in Questions to Ask When Checking References.

How Do State Laws and Employer Policies Affect What Reference Checkers Can Ask?

Reference questions are shaped by legal requirements and employer guidelines, which vary by state and company. Some states restrict the information employers can share during reference checks to avoid defamation lawsuits or discrimination claims. For instance:

• Certain states require written consent from the candidate before contacting references.
• Some limit answers to confirmation of employment dates and job title only.
• Others prohibit sharing subjective opinions unless clearly factual and backed by documentation.

Employers usually have internal policies that restrict reference responses to avoid legal risks. Many choose to verify only basic facts or provide a neutral reference letter. If you want to know what applies in your situation, check with your HR department or consult legal aid resources. The U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission offers guidance on lawful hiring practices and questions to avoid. Understanding this context helps both employers and applicants know what questions are appropriate and legal.

What Are the Best Practices for Listing References on Job Applications?

When applying for jobs, how you present your references matters. Here are best practices to follow:

• Do not include references directly on your resume. Instead, prepare a separate reference sheet listing the contact information of your references.
• Include essential details: For each reference, provide their full name, current job title, company, phone number, and email address.
• Prioritize relevance: List those who can best speak to your skills relevant to the job you want. Supervisors, managers, or colleagues from similar roles are ideal.
• Ask for permission: Confirm that your references agree to be contacted and are comfortable with the job type.
• Prepare your references: Inform them about the jobs you’re applying for and the skills the employer will likely ask about.
• Update your list: Regularly check that contact details are current and that your references are still willing to help.

For example, a reference entry might look like this:

Following these guidelines ensures you are ready when employers request references. See Examples of References for Job Applications and Common Mistakes with References and Examples for more detailed tips.

What Are Some Examples of Reference Questions About Character and Work Ethic?

Employers often want insight into intangible qualities that affect job performance. They ask questions designed to reveal:

• Punctuality and attendance: “Did the candidate arrive on time and have a good attendance record?”
• Initiative: “Did they take on tasks beyond their job description or suggest improvements?”
• Teamwork: “How well did they collaborate with coworkers and supervisors?”
• Communication: “Were they clear and professional in their communications?”
• Professionalism: “Were there any issues with discipline or conduct?”
• Reliability: “Could you depend on them to meet deadlines and follow through on commitments?”

A sample question might be: “Can you describe a situation where the candidate demonstrated leadership or problem-solving skills?” These questions help employers evaluate if the candidate fits their company culture and job requirements.

How Can Job Seekers Handle Negative or Limited Reference Feedback?

Not all references provide glowing reports. Sometimes, a former employer or colleague may offer limited or negative feedback. Job seekers can manage this by:

• Having multiple references: Providing at least three references increases the chances that positive opinions will outweigh negatives.
• Choosing references carefully: Select people who know your work well and can vouch for your strengths.
• Being transparent: If asked about negative feedback during interviews, address it honestly but briefly, emphasizing lessons learned or improvements made.
• Providing context: If a reference might share limited information due to company policy, explain this to the prospective employer so they understand.
• Requesting neutral references: Some employers will provide neutral references confirming only dates and titles; supplement these with more detailed references from mentors or colleagues.

For example, you might say in an interview, “One of my former managers follows a strict policy of only confirming employment dates, but I can provide additional references who know my work more personally.” This approach helps maintain trust while managing potential concerns.

What Steps Can Job Seekers Take to Ensure References Are Ready and Effective?

Preparing your references is a proactive way to improve your job prospects. Follow these steps:

1. Reach out early: Contact references well before the job application stage to give them time to prepare.
2. Share your goals: Explain the types of jobs you are applying for and what skills or qualities employers will focus on.
3. Provide documentation: Give your references a copy of your resume and the job description.
4. Remind and follow up: Politely remind references when you know an employer might reach out, and thank them afterward.
5. Keep references current: Stay in touch with your references regularly to maintain a good relationship.
6. Coach for success: Suggest how they can highlight your strongest traits, such as dependability or problem-solving skills.

By following these steps, job seekers can help their references provide detailed, positive, and relevant feedback that supports their candidacy.

Frequently asked questions

Can employers ask about a candidate’s criminal history during reference checks?

Questions about criminal history during reference checks are often limited and regulated by state laws. Employers frequently conduct separate background checks for this information. Check local laws and employer policies for specifics.

Is it appropriate to include character references on a job application?

Character references can be useful if you lack professional work experience, but most employers prefer professional references who can speak to your job skills and performance.

How should I handle a reference who is unresponsive?

If a reference does not respond promptly, inform the employer and offer alternative contacts. Always have more than the minimum number of references prepared.

Can I ask a current employer to serve as a reference if they don’t know I’m job searching?

Generally, it’s best not to list current employers as references unless they are aware and supportive of your job search, to avoid workplace conflicts.

What questions should I avoid asking references?

Avoid questions about protected personal information such as age, race, religion, marital status, or medical conditions. Focus on job-related skills and performance only.