How to Get a Passport: Step-by-Step Guide

Everyone · How-to · Updated October 1, 2026 · LearnLife Editorial

What do you need before starting your passport application?

Before beginning your passport application, you must gather all necessary documents and materials to ensure a smooth application process. The key items include:

• Proof of U.S. citizenship: This can be a certified birth certificate issued by the city, county, or state, a previous U.S. passport (undamaged and issued within the last 15 years), a consular report of birth abroad, or a naturalization certificate. For example, if you were born in the U.S., your birth certificate must include your full name, date and place of birth, and the registrar’s signature or official seal.

• Valid photo identification: Acceptable IDs are typically a current state driver’s license, a government-issued ID card, or a military ID. This must be an original or certified copy, not a photocopy.

• Passport photo: You need one recent color photograph that meets strict government standards: 2x2 inches, plain white or off-white background, full face visible with a neutral expression, no glasses, and no hats. You can have photos taken at many pharmacies, post offices, or professional photo studios. For exact guidelines on photo requirements, see how to take a passport photo that meets requirements.

• Completed application form: First-time applicants or those who cannot renew by mail must fill out Form DS-11. This form must be completed but NOT signed until instructed by the passport acceptance agent.

• Fees: The government charges an application fee plus an execution fee when you apply in person. Payment methods accepted vary by location but usually include checks and money orders. Check the current fee schedule on the official passport website.

Having every document prepared and reviewed before you go to apply helps avoid delays or rejections. For instance, if your proof of citizenship is a birth certificate from another state, check it is the original certified copy and not a hospital birth record or photocopy, as those are not accepted.

What are the step-by-step instructions for applying for a passport?

Applying for a passport involves several clear steps that, when followed carefully, ensure your application moves forward without issues:

1. Fill out the correct application form: Use Form DS-11 if you are applying for your first passport, if your previous passport was issued before age 16, or if you do not meet renewal criteria. Do not sign the form until instructed by the acceptance agent.

1. Gather supporting documents: Collect your proof of citizenship, valid ID, and passport photo. Make sure the photo meets requirements and is recent (taken within the last six months).

1. Find a passport acceptance facility: These include many post offices, public libraries, and county government offices. Use the official locator tool online to find one near you. For emergencies, passport agencies can provide faster processing but usually require an appointment and proof of travel plans.

1. Submit your application in person: Bring all your documents, photo, completed but unsigned form, and payment to the acceptance facility. The agent will verify your identity and documents, witness your signature, and collect your fees.

1. Pay the fees: The agent will provide the total fees including the execution fee. Payment is generally by check or money order; some locations accept credit cards.

1. Keep your receipt: The acceptance facility will give you a receipt with a tracking number. Use this to check your application status online.

Example wording you may use at the acceptance facility: “I am applying for my first U.S. passport. Here are my documents and my completed DS-11 form. I understand I should not sign this until you instruct me to do so.”

These steps keep your application organized and compliant with official requirements.

How do you know your passport application worked?

After submitting your application, you need to verify that your passport is being processed correctly:

• Track your application status online: Use the official U.S. Department of State passport status tool by entering your last name, date of birth, and the last four digits of your Social Security number. You can do this about two weeks after applying.

• Receive your passport in the mail: Normal processing takes several weeks. If you applied for expedited service, expect faster delivery. When your passport arrives, confirm that all personal information is correct: your full name, date of birth, photo, and passport expiration date.

• Watch for agency communications: If the passport office needs additional documents or information, they will notify you by mail or email. Respond quickly to avoid delays.

If your passport is mailed back within the expected timeframe and contains the correct details, your application was successful.

Example: If you applied on January 1st using standard processing, check the status around January 15th. If it says “In process,” wait a few more weeks for delivery. If it says “Additional information required,” check your mailbox and respond promptly.

What should you do if your passport application runs into problems?

Sometimes applications are delayed, rejected, or you may lose your passport. Here is how to handle those situations:

• If you receive a notice requesting more information: Carefully read what documents are missing or what corrections are needed. Gather the requested documents and submit them as soon as possible by the method the agency specifies.

• If your application is denied: Contact the passport agency’s customer service for clarification. The denial letter usually explains the reason. Common issues include mismatched personal information, unclear photos, or insufficient proof of citizenship.

• If you lose your application receipt: Contact the acceptance facility where you applied to request a duplicate receipt or get information on how to track your application without it.

• If your passport is lost or stolen after issuance: Report the loss immediately to the Department of State to prevent identity theft. Then apply for a replacement passport using Form DS-11, providing a police report if available for extra protection.

• Seeking legal aid: If you encounter complex issues, such as disputes over citizenship documents or identity verification, organizations like those listed on LawHelp.org or Legal Services Corporation can provide free or low-cost assistance.

Example: If you sent in a birth certificate that was a photocopy rather than an original, your application might be rejected. The agency will ask for the original certified document. Acting quickly to send the correct document can save weeks of delay.

How do you renew a passport, and how is it different from applying for a new one?

Renewing a passport is generally simpler but requires meeting specific eligibility criteria:

• You qualify to renew by mail if:
• Your previous passport was issued when you were 16 or older.
• It is undamaged and can be submitted with your renewal application.
• It was issued within the last 15 years.
• Your name has not changed since your last passport, or you can provide legal documentation if it has.

• Renewal steps include:

1. Filling out Form DS-82, which is the renewal application.
2. Including your most recent passport.
3. Providing one new passport photo.
4. Paying the appropriate renewal fee.
5. Mailing the application to the address listed on the form.

• If you do not meet renewal criteria: You must apply in person using Form DS-11, as if you were a first-time applicant.

For example, if your passport was issued when you were 15 years old, you cannot renew by mail because it was issued before age 16. You must apply in person.

Renewing by mail is convenient, but if you need your passport quickly, consider expedited options.

How can you adapt this process if you are applying for a child’s passport?

Applying for a minor’s passport has additional safeguards to protect the child’s identity and ensure proper parental consent:

• Both parents or guardians must authorize the application: Ideally, both appear in person with the child. If one parent cannot appear, they must provide a notarized consent form (Form DS-3053).

• Provide the child’s proof of citizenship: Usually the original birth certificate or adoption decree listing the child’s name and parents’ names.

• Show photo ID for the parent(s): Typically a driver’s license or passport.

• The child must be present: The acceptance agent needs to verify the child’s identity and witness the consent forms.

• Use Form DS-11: Even for renewals, children under 16 must apply in person with this form.

• Special wording to bring: “I am applying for a passport for my minor child. Here are the required documents and my consent. We understand both parents’ permission is required.”

These steps help prevent unauthorized travel and protect the child’s safety.

Why is having a passport important and when should you get one?

A passport is your official government-issued ID for international travel and proof of U.S. citizenship. It allows you to:

• Travel internationally: Airlines and foreign governments require a valid passport for entry and exit.

• Return to the U.S.: Customs and border protection requires a passport to verify your citizenship.

• Serve as a widely accepted ID: Many places accept a passport as proof of identity, sometimes more broadly than a driver’s license.

Even if you do not plan to travel soon, having a passport can save time and money later. Emergencies or unexpected trips may arise, and obtaining a passport quickly can be difficult.

For example, if you earn $400 a month working part-time and plan a trip abroad in six months, applying now allows you to avoid expedited fees later.

Frequently asked questions

Can I apply for a passport online?

Only certain passport renewals are eligible for online or mail-in applications. First-time applicants and those not meeting renewal criteria must apply in person. Always check the current eligibility requirements on the official passport website.

How long does it take to get a passport?

Standard processing usually takes about 8 to 11 weeks. Expedited processing can reduce this to 5 to 7 weeks or less for an additional fee. Times vary based on demand and location.

What if I lose my passport before traveling?

Report the lost or stolen passport immediately to the Department of State. Apply for a replacement in person using Form DS-11 and provide proof of identity. Doing this quickly minimizes travel disruption.

Can minors travel with just a passport?

Yes, minors need a valid passport to travel internationally. Depending on the destination, additional documents or parental consent may be required. Always check the entry requirements for the country you visit.

What if my name has changed since my last passport?

You must submit legal evidence of your name change, such as a marriage certificate or court order, with your renewal or new application. This ensures your passport reflects your current legal name.

How do I find my passport number?

The passport number is printed on the identification page, usually at the top right corner. It is a unique nine-digit number used for travel and identification.