Tips for Successful Informational Interviews
Short answer
Successful informational interviews rely on thorough preparation, focused questions, and engaged listening. Begin by researching the interviewee and industry, crafting a clear introduction, and preparing purposeful open-ended questions. During the interview, build rapport, listen actively, and take detailed notes. Follow up promptly with a personalized thank-you message. These steps ensure meaningful insights and lasting professional connections.
How Should Preparation for an Informational Interview Begin?
Preparation sets the stage for a productive informational interview and should start with detailed research. Begin by learning about the interviewee’s background—review their LinkedIn profile, company website, or any public articles. Take note of their job title, career path, and recent projects. This research allows tailoring questions to their expertise and demonstrates genuine interest.
Next, clarify the purpose of the interview. Ask: What specific information is needed? For example, is the goal to understand daily responsibilities, industry trends, or required skills? Write down clear objectives to guide the conversation. Creating a list of 5 to 7 open-ended questions aligned with these goals helps maintain focus. A question like, “What do you find most rewarding about your role?” encourages detailed responses.
Practice a brief, professional self-introduction to begin the interview smoothly. For instance: “Hello, my name is [Name], and I’m exploring careers in [industry]. Thank you for taking time to speak with me.” Confirm the interview format and timing in advance, and ensure a quiet, distraction-free setting if the meeting is virtual.
What Are Effective Questions to Ask in an Informational Interview?
Effective questions open dialogue and elicit valuable insights. Start with inquiries about career beginnings and daily work, such as: “How did you get started in this field?” or “What does a typical day look like for you?” These help understand career paths and daily responsibilities.
Ask about skills and challenges: “Which skills have been most valuable in your role?” and “What are common challenges you face?” To gain perspective on career development, pose, “How has your role evolved over time?” or “What advice would you give to someone entering this field?”
Be ready to explore recommendations: “Are there professional organizations or resources you suggest?” and “Who else should I consider speaking with to learn more?” Tailor questions based on the interviewee’s responses to keep the conversation dynamic. For a comprehensive list, see Common Informational Interview Questions.
How Can a Positive First Impression Be Made?
A positive first impression builds rapport and shows professionalism. Arrive or log in at least five minutes early. Start with a friendly, confident greeting like, “Thank you for meeting with me, Mr. Johnson.” Use the interviewee’s name early in conversation to personalize the interaction.
Dress appropriately for the setting—business casual is usually suitable even for virtual meetings. Maintain open body language: sit upright, smile, and maintain comfortable eye contact. Avoid distractions such as checking a phone or multitasking during the interview. These nonverbal cues demonstrate attentiveness and respect.
Tone of voice matters as well; speak clearly and with enthusiasm to convey genuine interest. If meeting virtually, ensure good lighting and a neutral background to minimize distractions.
What Materials and Environment Should Be Prepared for the Interview?
Being well-equipped facilitates smooth communication. Prepare the following items before the interview:
- A printed or digital list of questions to guide discussion
- A notebook or digital device for taking notes, including any key points, advice, or contact information
- A copy of your resume only if relevant or requested
- Contact details of the interviewee to confirm after the meeting
- A quiet and clutter-free environment with reliable internet and functioning audio/video equipment for virtual interviews
Test technology ahead of time to avoid technical difficulties. Have a pen or stylus ready to jot down unexpected insights or names mentioned during the conversation. These preparations signal professionalism and respect for the interviewee’s time.
How Can the Conversation Be Kept Natural and Engaging?
Maintaining a natural conversation involves active listening and thoughtful responses. Show engagement by nodding, smiling, or saying brief phrases like “That’s insightful” or “I appreciate you sharing that.” After an answer, use follow-up prompts such as, “Could you expand on that?” or “How did you approach that challenge?”
Share concise reflections to build connection, for example: “That sounds like a rewarding project—I’m interested in developing similar skills.” Avoid interrupting; wait for pauses before asking the next question. If the conversation slows, gently return to your prepared questions or ask, “What else should someone new to this field know?”
These techniques create a balanced interaction that encourages detailed answers and rapport building.
How Should the Informational Interview Be Wrapped Up?
Ending the interview politely and clearly is essential. Use wording like: “Thank you for your time and insights today. This conversation has been very helpful.” Ask permission to follow up: “Would it be okay if I reach out again with any further questions?” or “Could you suggest others I might speak with?”
Check the time by saying, “I want to be respectful of your schedule—do you have any final advice before we finish?” This shows consideration. Confirm next steps, such as sending a thank-you note or connecting on LinkedIn. Ending on a positive, professional note encourages ongoing communication.
What Is the Best Way to Follow Up After the Interview?
Prompt and personalized follow-up strengthens connections. Send a thank-you email within 24 to 48 hours. Reference specific advice or stories shared, for example: “Thank you for explaining how you developed your leadership skills—it gave me a clear direction.” Keep the message concise and professional.
If appropriate, send a LinkedIn connection request with a brief note: “Thank you for sharing your career insights in [field]. I hope to stay connected.” Over time, update contacts about progress or share relevant articles. Consistent, respectful follow-up deepens professional relationships and may open future opportunities.
How Can Success Be Measured After an Informational Interview?
Success is reflected in the quality of information gained and the relationship formed. Ask whether clear, detailed answers were received and if the conversation felt respectful and engaging. Receiving referrals to others or resources is a strong positive sign.
Feeling more confident about career direction or identifying next steps such as training or networking also indicates success. Even if immediate opportunities do not arise, expanding knowledge and contacts is valuable progress. Consider keeping a journal or file to track outcomes and future plans.
What Common Mistakes Should Be Avoided During Informational Interviews?
Avoid these common errors to maintain professionalism and maximize benefit:
- Asking directly for a job or salary information
- Arriving late or unprepared
- Interrupting or dominating the conversation
- Asking basic questions answerable through simple research
- Failing to follow up with a thank-you message
- Being overly casual in tone, dress, or setting
- Ignoring time limits or the interviewee’s cues to conclude
Focus on learning and relationship-building rather than immediate employment. Respectful curiosity fosters positive impressions and lasting connections.
How Can Mental and Emotional Readiness Be Achieved for an Informational Interview?
Approach informational interviews as opportunities to learn, not tests to pass. Reduce anxiety by rehearsing introductions and questions beforehand. Use calming techniques such as deep breathing or mindfulness exercises just prior to the meeting.
Maintain realistic expectations—some interviews may lead to referrals or advice, others may simply offer insight. Focusing on genuine curiosity and listening rather than performance eases nervousness. If outreach attempts go unanswered, continue trying politely elsewhere without discouragement.
How Should Notes From the Interview Be Used Effectively?
Review notes promptly after the interview and highlight key takeaways such as skills to develop, trends in the industry, or recommended resources. Organize notes by topic—examples include “Skills to Build,” “Networking Contacts,” and “Career Advice.”
Use this information to update career plans, prepare for job interviews, or schedule follow-up conversations. If promises were made during the interview, refer to notes to follow through accurately. Keeping a dedicated folder or digital file of informational interview notes supports ongoing progress and future networking.
Informational Interview Planning Checklist
| Step | Action Item | Example or Note |
|---|---|---|
| Research | Review interviewee’s background and company | Note career path, recent projects |
| Define Goals | Determine what information is needed | E.g., skills, industry outlook, daily tasks |
| Prepare Questions | Write 5–7 open-ended questions | “What challenges do you encounter?” |
| Practice Introduction | Rehearse brief professional self-introduction | “I’m exploring opportunities in [field].” |
| Confirm Details | Verify date, time, and format | Test video/audio equipment for virtual meeting |
| Conduct Interview | Be punctual, take notes, listen actively | Use follow-up questions as needed |
| Wrap Up Interview | Thank interviewee and ask about next steps | “May I follow up with additional questions?” |
| Follow Up | Send personalized thank-you email within 48 hours | Reference specific advice or suggestions |
| Review and Organize | Highlight key points and plan next steps | Track contacts and advice for future reference |
Frequently asked questions
How long should an informational interview last?
Typically, 20 to 30 minutes is appropriate. This duration allows enough time to ask meaningful questions and gather insights while respecting the interviewee’s schedule. If the conversation flows naturally and both parties are engaged, it can last longer but should remain mindful of time.
Is it acceptable to conduct an informational interview via email?
While email can be used for initial contact or if the person’s schedule is very limited, it lacks the immediacy and rapport of phone or video conversations. Preparing clear, concise questions is essential for email interviews, but phone or video formats often yield richer interactions.
Where can suitable informational interview contacts be found?
Start with existing networks like friends, family, alumni groups, coworkers, or mentors. LinkedIn is a powerful tool to identify professionals in target industries or companies. Joining professional associations or attending industry events can also provide contacts willing to share their experience.
Should a resume be shared before or during an informational interview?
Usually, sharing a resume is unnecessary as informational interviews focus on learning and networking rather than job applications. Only provide a resume if specifically requested or if it helps clarify your background during the conversation.
How can nervousness be managed prior to an informational interview?
Preparing by practicing introductions and questions builds confidence. Breathing exercises or mindfulness can reduce anxiety. Remembering that the professional is offering their time to help, rather than evaluate performance, shifts focus toward learning and curiosity.
Is it appropriate to ask about salary in an informational interview?
Direct salary questions are generally discouraged unless the interviewee offers such information first. Instead, ask about general compensation trends or benefits in the industry. Salary discussions are more suitable for formal job interviews.