Informational Interview vs Virtual Interview: What to Know

Everyone · Explainer · Updated October 1, 2026 · LearnLife Editorial

What is an Informational Interview?

An informational interview is a casual, non-evaluative meeting where you ask a professional about their career, company, or industry. Unlike a job interview, it’s not about applying for a position but about discovering what a job really entails and learning from someone’s experience. For example, if you’re interested in becoming a social worker, you might reach out to a social worker in your area to ask about their daily responsibilities and challenges.

These interviews help you gather firsthand knowledge, which may include the skills needed, career paths, work environments, and industry trends. It’s a chance to ask open-ended questions, such as “What do you enjoy most about your job?” or “What advice would you give someone starting in this field?” Informational interviews are often initiated by people exploring careers, students planning their future, or professionals considering a career change.

Because it’s a conversation, informational interviews tend to be flexible and informal. They can take place in person, over the phone, or via video call. The key is to listen actively, take notes, and use the insights to shape your career decisions. They also serve as a way to expand your network, which can be helpful when applying for jobs later.

What is a Virtual Interview?

A virtual interview is a formal job interview conducted remotely using technology like Zoom, Google Meet, or Microsoft Teams. It serves the same purpose as an in-person interview: to evaluate if you are a good fit for a particular job. Employers use virtual interviews when in-person meetings aren’t feasible due to location, health concerns, or scheduling.

Virtual interviews require preparation similar to traditional interviews but add technical considerations. You must ensure your internet connection is stable, your device’s camera and microphone work well, and your background is professional and distraction-free. For example, if you’re applying for a sales associate position, the interviewer may ask you to explain how you would handle customer objections during the virtual interview.

Virtual interviews can vary in format: some are one-on-one, others involve a panel of interviewers, and some might include practical assessments or role-play exercises. The interviewer will ask structured questions focused on your skills, experience, and how you handle workplace situations. It’s vital to communicate clearly, maintain eye contact by looking at the camera, and demonstrate enthusiasm despite the physical distance.

How Does an Informational Interview Work? (Hypothetical Example)

Imagine you want to explore a career in urban planning but don’t know much about the field. You find a city planner on a professional site and send a message like this:

“Hello, I’m interested in learning more about urban planning. Would you be willing to spare 20 minutes for a brief informational interview? I’d appreciate hearing about your career experience and any advice you might have. Thank you!”

The city planner agrees and schedules a video call. Before the meeting, you prepare questions such as:

• What does a typical day look like for you?
• What skills are essential in your work?
• What challenges do you face in this job?
• How did you get started in urban planning?

During the call, you listen carefully and take notes. The planner explains how they work with community members, design projects, and balance budgets. They mention the importance of software skills and networking. At the end, you thank them and ask if they can suggest other professionals to talk with.

After the interview, you send a thank-you email like this:

“Thank you for taking the time to meet with me today. Your insights about urban planning and advice on skills to develop were very helpful. I look forward to exploring this field further.”

This process helps you gain clarity about the career and build useful contacts.

How Does a Virtual Interview Work? (Hypothetical Example)

Consider you applied for a marketing coordinator job. The employer schedules a virtual interview via Microsoft Teams at 10 a.m. Beforehand, you:

• Check your internet connection and update the app.
• Choose a quiet, well-lit room.
• Dress professionally, wearing a clean shirt or blouse.
• Have a copy of your resume and notes nearby.

When the interview starts, the hiring manager introduces themselves and explains the interview structure. They ask questions like:

• Can you describe your previous experience managing social media campaigns?
• How do you handle tight deadlines and multitasking?
• Tell me about a time you worked with a team to solve a problem.

You answer with specific examples, such as managing a college project’s social media, scheduling posts, and collaborating with teammates. You speak clearly, maintain eye contact by looking at the camera, and smile naturally.

Midway, the interviewer asks a scenario question: “How would you promote a new product with a limited budget?” You outline a plan using low-cost social media ads and influencer partnerships.

After the interview, you thank the interviewer and ask about next steps. Later, you send a follow-up email expressing appreciation and interest.

This virtual interview assesses your skills, communication, and problem-solving in a formal, structured way.

Why Does Knowing the Difference Matter?

Recognizing the difference between an informational interview and a virtual interview helps you prepare appropriately and avoid misunderstandings. Treating an informational interview like a job interview can create unnecessary pressure and make the conversation stiff. Conversely, treating a virtual job interview casually can reduce your chances of success.

Approach informational interviews as opportunities to learn and build relationships. Use open-ended questions and listen more than you speak. For example, ask “What do you like best about your company culture?” rather than “Can I get a job here?” This builds rapport and trust.

In contrast, virtual interviews require professionalism, punctuality, and clear, focused answers. Prepare to discuss your qualifications, provide examples, and show enthusiasm. Use formal greetings like “Good morning” and thank the interviewer at the end.

Understanding these differences also helps you manage your expectations. Informational interviews rarely lead directly to job offers but can open doors. Virtual interviews are part of the hiring process and can lead to a job offer if successful.

What Other Terms Do People Mix Up With These Interviews?

Several related terms often cause confusion:

• Job interview: A formal meeting where you answer questions to get a specific job.
• Coffee chat: Informal, brief conversation, typically for networking; similar to informational interviews but often less structured.
• Screening interview: Usually an initial, short virtual or phone interview to determine if you meet basic job requirements.
• Mock interview: A practice interview to build confidence before a real one.
• Networking meeting: Any professional meeting meant to build connections, which can include informational interviews or coffee chats.

Knowing these distinctions helps you tailor your approach and expectations for each interaction. For instance, a coffee chat might start with light conversation about shared interests, while a screening interview will focus on your qualifications and availability.

For more information on differences, see the articles about Informational Interview vs Job Interview and Informational Interview vs Coffee Chat.

What Should You Do Next to Prepare for Either Type?

Preparation is key for success in both informational and virtual interviews. Here’s a practical checklist to help:

Additional tips for informational interviews include being flexible with timing, respecting the professional’s schedule, and keeping the conversation focused but natural. For virtual interviews, practice speaking to the camera, maintain good posture, and avoid multitasking during the call.

Taking these steps increases your confidence and leaves a positive impression whether you’re gathering career information or interviewing for a job.

Frequently asked questions

Can an informational interview lead to a job offer?

While informational interviews are primarily for learning and networking, they can sometimes lead to job referrals or opportunities if you build a strong connection. However, you should not expect a direct job offer from these meetings.

How long should an informational interview last?

Typically, an informational interview lasts 20 to 30 minutes to respect the professional’s time while allowing enough discussion to gain useful insights.

What if I don’t have a quiet place for a virtual interview?

Find the quietest spot available, use headphones to reduce background noise, and let household members know your interview schedule. If needed, a parked car or a private space like a library study room can work.

Should I dress formally for an informational interview?

Dress depends on context. Business casual is usually best for informational interviews, showing respect without the formality required for job interviews.

How can I prepare for technical issues during a virtual interview?

Test your internet speed, camera, and microphone before the interview. Have a backup device ready, and keep the interviewer’s contact information handy in case you get disconnected.

Are virtual interviews always recorded?

Not always. Some employers record virtual interviews for later review, but they usually inform candidates beforehand if this is the case.